Developments in science and technology was the faster , especially as
a result of technological development in the field of industrial
electronics and informatics , which shortens the product life cycle .
Besides, the development of technology in the fields marked with a large
increase in capacity , increasing speed and miniaturization of power
influence the broad scope of its application so as to provide a very
broad impact on the development of other industries in the sub-sector as
a whole as well as our lives . Therefore industrialized countries in
the world trying to take control and develop technologies to enhance
research and development activities in the field of manufacturing
technology and product technology . In general, industrialized countries
to take this step in order to improve the competitiveness of their
products or at least to maintain their competitiveness in / entering the
international market . On the other hand, developing countries now
increasingly aware of the importance of mastery of science and
technology as part of its national development , so that the developing
countries in a race against each other to improve their ability to
master and develop science and technology . Their efforts now more
emphasis placed on increasing competitiveness in order to open access to
international markets . In line with tighter competition between
industries through the development of these technologies has shifted the
economic system the world was moving towards the establishment of a
global economy . As we know that the implementation of the globalization
system will be realized through the establishment of a single market
either in North American , Europe and Asia - Pacific . Implementation of
the single market system on the one hand increase the volume of demand
and lead to the expansion of the market , but on the other hand also
demand increasingly fierce competition between manufacturers in entering
the market . In other words that only competitive products are likely
to enter the market to gain market share . Globalization of the economic
system will inevitably give a disparate impact on the development of
science and technology advanced rapidly and earlier . Thus to produce a
competitive product in terms of price , quality and time of delivery are
more popularly known as " Quality , Cost and Delivery Time ( QCD ) "
would require the support activities and research & development
facilities that tough anyway . As a result of research and development
costs are increasingly expensive anyway . Therefore efforts to increase
research and development activities as part of efforts to increase the
ability in the mastery of science and technology in general and
increasing competitiveness in particular has led to the establishment of
centers of technological excellence . These circumstances stimulate
major companies in the world to take a new stance facing the scenario in
trade and marketing . Merger and inter-company purchases continues to
reach full capacity and capability so as a company could have a "
considerable mass / critical mass " that will be rolling their own .
Critical mass to be achieved include market size and technology as well
as a complete product . Similarly, other forms of cooperation in the
form of strategic alliances continue to expand on the products and
sophisticated technologies such as aircraft , motor vehicle , semi-
conductor and others , which basically requires both funds and huge
technological capabilities that can not be borne only by one company or
can not be supported by one country alone . Symptoms or economic trend
towards a global system is turned back to the impact of technology
development activities , because the system is inevitably going to
demand similar product rationalization . If you search deeper then the
rationalization of the product can essentially be viewed as an
opportunity to increase productivity towards the utilization of funds
research & development ( R & D ) both provided by the government
or by the private sector . Advanced industrial countries that have had
the support and R & D infrastructure and a modern fully equipped and
has accumulated experience and ability to do basic research (basic
research) continue to race each other in the conduct of research and
development for future technologies . Based on our observations , the
industry development trend in the future will lead / focused on three
main areas of research & development activities , namely :
- Electronics technology for " Office Automation Industry " ;
- Technology Biotechnology , and - Materials Technology
- Materials Technology
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